Merycoidodon culbertsoni - Oligocene Oreodont brain cast, South Dakota, USA
Merycoidodon in it's day would have been compared to sheep of today. It was an herbivore and would have been prey for predators of the day. The predators would have included Numravid saber toothed cats, hyaenodons (dogs) and Archaeotheriums (giant pigs). Other mammals would have included horses, camels, peccaries, squirrels, rabbits, and small rhinocerous. Merycoidodon lived during the Oligocene (37.5-30 million years ago). The Oligocene marked the start of generalized cooling to the earth. Glaciers formed in Antarctica during the Cenozoic Era (65 million years ago to the present) for the first time. Tropical climates diminished and cooler woodland and grassland climates became more widespread. The cooling trend culminated in the Ice Age of the Pliocene (10-3 million years ago). By the Oligocene, modern types of angiosperms (plants with an enclosed seed) had become widespread. The higher latitudes of the northern hemisphere would have changed from broadleafed trees to those found on the North Island of New Zealand or the tip of the Cape of South Africa. Dimensions: 3-3/8" x 1-1/8" x 2"